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OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes the compatibility of the emergency legislative measures adopted between March 2020 and October 2021 by the Brazilian federal government and the precepts of the ILO to address the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the labor market. METHODOLOGY: Based on a deductive approach, a comparative bibliographic and documentary analysis was carried out between the main changes imposed by the Brazilian legislation adopted in connection with the sanitary crisis and the precepts of the ILO in the official reports called "ILO Observatory: Covid-19 and the World of Work". RESULTS: As for facing the impacts of the pandemic in the labor market, it is argued that the Brazilian emergency legislation took the opposite direction of what was precepted by the ILO, revealing an option for deepening neoliberal policies of reduction or flexibilization of labor rights and social protection. © 2021 Centro Universitario FG (UNIFG). All right reserved.
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Introduction: In times of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing it is paramount to pay attention to infancy food habits in order to maintain good health, immunity, and to prevent immediate and future diseases.
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BACKGROUND AND AIM: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted high (HICs) and low to high- middle income countries (LHMICs) disproportionately. We sought to investigate factors contributing to disparate pediatric COVID-19 mortality. METHOD(S): We used the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 database, and stratified country group defined by World Bank criteria. All hospitalized patients aged less than 19 years with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis from January 2020 through April 2021 were included. RESULT(S): A total of 12,860 patients with 3,819 cases from HICs and 9,041 cases from LHMICs were included in this study. Of these, 8,961 (73.8%) patiens were confirmed cases and 2444 (20.1%) were suspected COVID19. Overall in-hospital mortality was 425 (3.3%) patients, with 4.0% mortality in LHMICs (361/9041), which was higher than 1.7% mortality in HICs (64/3819);adjusted HR (aHR) 4.74, 95%CI 3.16-7.10, p<0.001. There were significant differences between country income groups in the use of interventions, with higher use of antibiotics, corticosteroid, prone position, high flow nasal cannula, and invasive mechanical ventilation in HICs, and higher use of anticoagulants and non-invasive ventilation in LHMICs. Infectious comorbidities such as tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS were shown to be more prevalent in LHMICs [2 (0.0%) vs 171 (1.9 %), 1 (0.0%) vs. 149 (1.6%) patients, respectively]. Mortality rates in children who received mechanical ventilation in LHMICs were higher compared with children in HICs [89 (43.6%) vs. 17 (7.2%) patients, aHR 12.0, CI95% 7.2-19.9, p<0.001]. CONCLUSION(S): Various contributing factors to COVID-19 mortality identified in this study may reflect management differences in HICs and LHMICs. (Figure Presented).
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The world is currently experiencing the covid-19 pandemic that has been going on for almost a year and which has transformed the way of carrying out the economic activities that support contemporary societies. The education sector is precisely an example of this abrupt change. The face-to-face teachinglearning process was converted to an online format, so students, teachers, schools and families had to adapt immediately to this transformation. There was no time to provide schools and persons with digital equipment and tools, nor with educational agents for training oriented to the practice of online teaching. Everyone had to do their best, adapting, learning autonomously and with their peers and solving their own problems. This research was developed with the support of the case study methodology in a Portuguese educational institution and aims to understand, through the Dynamic Digital Competence Reference Framework (DigComp), the evolution of students in terms of digital skills in the period of the covid-19 pandemic. The results show that students acquired a set of digital skills that allowed them to participate and interact with stakeholders in the online teaching-learning process. In addition, a set of suggestions is also presented for the acquisition or improvement of other students' skills.
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The covid-19 pandemic triggered the widespread use of digital technologies in practically all countries not only because of the need for organizations, companies and institutions to continue to produce, but also as a way for individuals - beings of a social nature - to communicate and interact with each other during this whole troubled period. Higher education institutions were also no exception and were forced to implement online teaching across the country so that students would not be left without access to knowledge and, consequently, regress in learning. The University Tunas that constitute themselves as musical groups and are normally assigned to these institutions (of higher education) are also an example of organizations or associations that have had to adapt to new contingencies through the latest digital technologies. This study focuses precisely on this issue of the use of digital technologies by University Tunas. However, the specific case study is the "RaussTuna - Tuna Mista de Braganca (TMB)" of the Polytechnic Institute of Braganca (Portugal). In general, we intend to understand how this group of young people use digital technologies within the scope of their activity as an associative group: What are the digital technologies adopted by the University Tunas? What restrictions do members of a Tuna have in the use of digital technologies? What suggestions can be implemented to improve the digital quality of Tuna's activities? The results point to the use of a wide range of digital technologies for different purposes, especially office tools, electronic presentation software, audio, video, management of conferences or events and social networks. Members assume that they have a set of restrictions regarding the use of technologies and because of this they need training in the area to improve their skills. Finally, Tuna members present a set of improvements both at the software and at the hardware level that eventually can be implemented to increase digital quality.
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The covid-19 pandemic triggered the widespread use of digital technologies in practically all countries not only because of the need for organizations, companies and institutions to continue to produce, but also as a way for individuals - beings of a social nature - to communicate and interact with each other during this whole troubled period. Higher education institutions were also no exception and were forced to implement online teaching across the country so that students would not be left without access to knowledge and, consequently, regress in learning. The University Tunas that constitute themselves as musical groups and are normally assigned to these institutions (of higher education) are also an example of organizations or associations that have had to adapt to new contingencies through the latest digital technologies. This study focuses precisely on this issue of the use of digital technologies by University Tunas. However, the specific case study is the “RaussTuna - Tuna Mista de Bragança (TMB)” of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (Portugal). In general, we intend to understand how this group of young people use digital technologies within the scope of their activity as an associative group: What are the digital technologies adopted by the University Tunas? What restrictions do members of a Tuna have in the use of digital technologies? What suggestions can be implemented to improve the digital quality of Tuna's activities? The results point to the use of a wide range of digital technologies for different purposes, especially office tools, electronic presentation software, audio, video, management of conferences or events and social networks. Members assume that they have a set of restrictions regarding the use of technologies and because of this they need training in the area to improve their skills. Finally, Tuna members present a set of improvements both at the software and at the hardware level that eventually can be implemented to increase digital quality. © 2022 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.
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Introduction: The sleep-wake rhythm irregularities can cause poor sleep quality and mood changes, such as increased fatigue and sleepiness in the students in consequence of the academic tasks and social life. Objective: The objective of this study was to verify the sleep quality, sleepiness, alertness state and mood state of the university students prior to the day-night-shift classes (online) during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods: One hundred sixty-eight university students of both sexes, with a mean age of 23.8±5.4 years, registered from the 2nd to the 7th period in three courses (Medicine, Nursing and Physiotherapy) of the two Brazilian private university in the day (n=90) and night-shift (n=78) were participated of this study. The measurements of sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - PSQI), sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), alertness state (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale), mood state (Brazil Mood Scale - BRAMS), fatigue (FB) and vigor BRAMS domains (VB) were performed immediately prior to the classes online (day shift = 7h00;night shift = 19h00). The normality of the data was verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The Mann-Whitney U test of independent samples was used to compare the variables between day-shift and night-shift university students. The size of the Cohen effect (ES) was estimated. The α-level for all analysis was set at ≤0.05. Results: The results showed there was a significant difference in sleep quality, fatigue mood domain, and alertness state between university students in the day and night shifts: sleep quality - PSQI (U= 2789.5;p=0.02;ES=0.46), alertness state - KSS (U= 2933.0;p=0.04, ES=0.48) and FB mood domain (U= 2877.0;p=0.05;ES=0.31). However, there was no difference in sleepiness (ESS) and Vigor mood domain (BRAMS) between day-shift and night-shift students. Therefore, the night-shift university students showed a significant worsening of the sleep quality, fatigue mood and alertness state compared to the day-shift students prior the classes. Conclusion: The results indicated that night-shift students were inattentive, fatigue, and sleepy prior to their academic activities (classes), in addition to presenting poor sleep quality (IQSP>5). Thereby, strategies implementation such as naps, restorative sleep, blue light therapy, and sleep hygiene are important to improve the alertness, attention, general health, and academic performance of the university students during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Introduction: Lockdown during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic forced an adaptation of health care delivery system. Teleconsultation (TC) is a measure that allows the continuity of access to medical care, minimizing the risk of infection. This study aims to analyse the impact of TC in Gastroenterology patients. Aims & Methods: Patients followed in the Gastroenterology service of Braga Hospital by TC between March and November 2020 were invited to answer a questionnaire. This was partially adapted from the modified Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQm), including as well parameters with impact on daily life. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants in the study were analysed. Results: One hundred and twenty patients participated, 60 with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD group) and 60 with liver cirrhosis (LC group). Regarding IBD group, 55% were female, with a mean age of 40.7 years. The most frequent level of education was college degree (40.0%), with the majority being employed (78.3%). In the LC group, 66.7% of the patients were male, with an average age of 64.2 years. Of these 81.7% had the basic level of education and 66.7% were retired. The average total TSQm score was 38.23±6.35 in the IBD group and 37.55±6.05 in the LC group, with 68.3% of the cases considering TC as a good experience. Significant impact on absenteeism was observed only in the IBD group, with at least 1 work period saved in 63.3% of the cases. In both groups, no differences were observed in the rate of flares/decompensations, hospitalizations or visits to the emergency department, between the study period of 2020 and the homologous period in 2019. Conclusion: TC is an effective method for follow-up of chronically ill patients, resulting in a high degree of user satisfaction and with an important impact on daily life. It has proven to be clinically safe, without negative consequences on the control of the underlying disease.
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Background: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is the third leading cause of death in developed countries, with a survival rate less than 10%. Actually, although 70% of OHCA episodes are witnessed by laypeople only a third receive Basic Life Support (BLS). In Portugal, bystander-performed Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) rate is still below 17%, with a survival rate of 4%. One of the most effective ways to increase bystander CPR is by training school-age children in BLS and Automated External Defibrillator (AED). Aims: Evaluate the capacity to learn and the quality of BLS maneuvers performed by school-age children. Methods: During a four-month period (interruption due to SARS-CoV-2 pandemic), BLS-AED teaching sessions were provided across schools in Oeiras, Portugal. It is considered that children older than 14 years old are able to perform quality chest compressions. Thus, classes from 14 to 18 years old were selected. Each session lasted 100 mins and was provided by nurses, with a ratio of one nurse to six students. Laerdal Medical's QCPR® software was used to measure and collect data of the quality of chest compressions. According to QCPR®, CPR is considered high quality if the final score is higher than 84%. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 734 young people were trained, with a median score of 97% (89–99) on the final QCPR® score. All students were able to provide chest compressions with the appropriate depth (>5 cm), 82% (44–96) provided chest compress at the recommended rate (100–120 bpm), and median compression rate of 112 (106–119) cpm. Male students performed deeper and more successful compressions but with less recoil than female students. Conclusions: School-age children aged 14–18 years old were able to learn and perform high-quality BLS maneuvers. We consider these results can have relevant public-health implications.
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Objective: To analyze the reason why patients sought emergency eye care during the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the analysis of medical records of patients seen at an ophthalmology emergency department of a private service in the city of Santos (SP) between March 11, 2020 and July 16, 2020. Results: A total of 386 patients were seen in the analyzed period. Most appointments (60.36%) were attended by women. People between 19 and 59 years old were the ones who most sought the emergency room (57.25%). When considering the profession of these patients, students and retired people presented the same proportion (10.26%), followed by housewives (6.99%). Of the total number of cases seen, 59 patients were diagnosed with conjunctivitis, while 58 were diagnosed with eye and orbit trauma. Conclusion: In the analyzed period, the ophthalmology emergency care predominantly received women in the age group between 19 and 59 years old, and the most frequent diagnoses were conjunctivitis and trauma.